Voice 

Voice therapy is a program designed to improve voice quality through behavioral change. Voice therapy consists of a variety of tasks designed to eliminate harmful vocal behavior, shape healthy vocal behavior, and assist in vocal fold wound healing after surgery or injury. Treatment typically takes place 1-2 times per week for 6-8 weeks, depending on the origin and severity of the voice problem, co-occurring medical therapy, and, importantly, patient commitment to practicing new vocal behaviors outside the therapy session. 

Common diagnoses treated include: vocal nodules, polyps, cysts, muscle tension dysphonia, singer's/belter's polyps, chronic laryngitis, vocal fold paralysis and paresis, vocal fold atrophy (presbylarynges), chronic laryngitis, and puberphonia.

Upper airway disorders such as vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) or paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM), chronic cough, and laryngeal hypersensitivity, are managed with respiratory retraining/EILOBI and desensitization techniques, in conjunction with medical therapies as appropriate.

Dysphagia 

Treatment of swallowing disorders or dysphagia, depends on the cause, symptoms, and type of swallowing problem. We may recommend specific swallowing treatment (e.g., exercises to improve muscle movement), positions or strategies to help the individual swallow more effectively, and specific food and liquid textures that are easier and safer to swallow. Family members or caregivers are encouraged to help implement the treatment plan, including helping with exercises, preparing the recommended textures of food and liquid, and in making sure recommendations for eating safely are followed. Treatment typically takes place 1-2 times per week for a number of weeks, depending on the severity of the problem.

Some causes of feeding and swallowing problems in adults include typical aging, stroke, brain injury, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease), muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, Alzheimer's disease, vocal fold paralysis and aerophagia, head, neck and laryngeal cancers, and post-operative anatomic and functional changes. 

Speech & Language

Speech and language therapy can help children learn to speak more clearly, and promote confidence when speaking to others. Children who have language issues can benefit socially, emotionally and academically from speech therapy. We treat articulation and phonological problems, childhood apraxia of speech, dysarthria, fluency, resonance problems, receptive language problems (difficulty with comprehension), expressive language problems (difficulty speaking or making wants and needs known) and pragmatic language problems (difficulty using language in a socially appropriate way).

Adults may experience speech and language difficulties for a variety of reasons. Several specific types of speech and language differences and disorders in adults include apraxia, dysarthria, and aphasia. 

Frequency of treatment and duration depends on multiple factors.